Eksplorasi Dan Identifikasi Morfologi Benih Padi Lokal Dari Beberapa Wilayah Sumatra Barat
Abstract
Sumatra Barat adalah provinsi yang memiliki kekayaan akan sumber daya genetik tanaman, khususnya padi. Namun penggunaan varietas padi baru mengakibatkan padi lokal mulai terpinggirkan. Oleh karena itu, eksplorasi padi lokal menjadi sangat penting dalam upaya pelestarian sumber daya genetik. Padi lokal merupakan aset yang berharga bagi perbaikan tanaman untuk mendapatkan resistensi, baik biotik maupun abiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan ekplorasi padi lokal dan mengidentifikasi lokasi tumbuh serta melakukan karakterisasi penampilan gabah padi lokal yang berasal dari beberapa wilayah Sumatra Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2023. Tahapan penelitian meliputi survei lokasi keberadaan padi lokal, karakterisasi biji padi lokal, dan melakukan analisis jarak genetik. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh 21 genotipe padi lokal Sumatra Barat yang diperoleh dari 5 kabupaten dan 1 kota. Hasil_karakterisasi morfologi biji menunjukkan adanya perbedaan sifat*kuantitatif-(panjang, lebar dan berat 100 biji serta panjang rambut) serta perbedaan sifat kualitatif (warna lemma dan warna pucat, bentuk_kariopsis(dan warna, perikardium).
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