Pengaruh Infestasi Gulma Terhadap Kompetisi Gulma, Pertumbuhan, dan Hasil Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata L.)

Abstract

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is an important food crop in Indonesia; however, its productivity remains relatively low. One of the major factors limiting productivity is weed competition, which can suppress plant growth and reduce yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different weed infestation periods on the vegetative growth and productivity of mung bean under the agroecological conditions of Ambon City. The study employed a Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of eight treatments: weedy throughout the growing season, weed infestation for 2, 4, and 6 weeks after planting, weed-free for 2, 4, and 6 weeks after planting, and weed-free throughout the growing season, with each treatment replicated three times. The results showed that weed infestation had no significant effect on plant height or leaf area index but significantly affected the number of leaves at 2 weeks after planting. In contrast, weed infestation significantly reduced yield components, seed weight per plant, total plant dry weight, and overall mung bean productivity. Yield loss increased with the duration of weed competition, reaching the highest value of 93.58% under the weedy treatment throughout the growing season, whereas no yield loss was observed under the weed-free treatment throughout the growing season. These findings highlight the importance of early weed control to minimize yield loss and maintain mung bean productivity under the agroecological conditions of Ambon City.