Pengaruh Penggunaan Mulsa dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Terong (Solanum melongena L)
Abstract
The growth of eggplant plants (Solanum melongena L.) is influenced by growing environmental conditions and cultivation techniques, especially soil surface management and planting distance regulation. This study aims to analyze the influence of mulch type and planting distance and the interaction between the two on eggplant growth. The research was carried out in Jone Village, Tanah Grogot District, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, in February-April 2026. The study used a factorial Group Random Design (RAK) with two factors, namely the type of mulch (without mulch, silver black plastic mulch, and reed organic mulch) and the planting distance (35 × 60 cm, 50 × 60 cm, and 65 × 60 cm). There were nine treatment combinations with three replicates, so that 27 experimental units were obtained. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and number of branches at the age of 28 days after planting (HST). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Smallest Real Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. The results showed that the type of mulch had a very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, as well as a real effect on the number of branches. Black and silver plastic mulch produced the highest average of all parameters. Planting distance did not have a significant effect on all parameters, while the interaction of the two factors had a very real effect on the stem diameter. The combination of black and silver plastic mulch and a planting distance of 50 × 60 cm resulted in the highest stem diameter of 0.98 cm. The use of black and silver plastic mulch has the potential to support the vegetative growth of eggplant plants under the conditions of this study. Keywords: Planting distance; mulch; vegetative growth; Solanum melongena
The growth of eggplant plants (Solanum melongena L.) is influenced by growing environmental conditions and cultivation techniques, especially soil surface management and planting distance regulation. This study aims to analyze the influence of mulch type and planting distance and the interaction between the two on eggplant growth. The research was carried out in Jone Village, Tanah Grogot District, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, in February-April 2026. The study used a factorial Group Random Design (RAK) with two factors, namely the type of mulch (without mulch, silver black plastic mulch, and reed organic mulch) and the planting distance (35 × 60 cm, 50 × 60 cm, and 65 × 60 cm). There were nine treatment combinations with three replicates, so that 27 experimental units were obtained. Observation parameters included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and number of branches at the age of 28 days after planting (HST). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Smallest Real Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. The results showed that the type of mulch had a very significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, as well as a real effect on the number of branches. Black and silver plastic mulch produced the highest average of all parameters. Planting distance did not have a significant effect on all parameters, while the interaction of the two factors had a very real effect on the stem diameter. The combination of black and silver plastic mulch and a planting distance of 50 × 60 cm resulted in the highest stem diameter of 0.98 cm. The use of black and silver plastic mulch has the potential to support the vegetative growth of eggplant plants under the conditions of this study. Keywords: Planting distance; mulch; vegetative growth; Solanum melongena
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