KAJIAN GERAKAN TANAH MELALUI INTEGRASI MULTIDISIPLIN (Studi Kasus: Longsor Amahusu Kecamatan Nusaniwe Ambon)
Abstract
Telah digunakan banyak metode untuk mengkaji permasalahan gerakan tanah dari sudut pandangan pendekatan satudisiplin, interdisiplin maupun multidisiplin. Beberapa metode sedang dikembangkan untuk dipadukan dalam investigasi gerakan tanah (longsoran) selama dekade terakhir ini, fokus studi diarahkan menggunakan multidisiplin dengan pendekatan geolistrik, geoteknik dan geokimia untuk menentukan potensi gerakan tanah (longsor) Amahusu sehingga dapat memberikan mitigasi gerakan tanah. Hasil penelitian memberikan bidang gelincir longsor Amahusu dicirikan oleh anomali resistivitas dari struktur lapisan bawah permukaan yang rendah (< 50.0 Ω.m) hingga sedang (50.0 – 200.0 Ω.m), dan anomali ini mengindikasikan citra resistivitas jenis batuan lempung dan lempung pasiran, sedangkan anomali geoteknik teridentifikasi adanya tanah lempung lanau dan lanau pasiran, dan berdasarkan nilai faktor keamanan lereng (FS<1.25) dalam keadaan kritis. Sedangkan anomali geokimia pada proses pelapukan menyebabkan terjadinya penghalusan mineral sehingga persentase fraksi ukuran butir lempung menjadi lebih besar jika dibandingkan di bagian atas dan bawahnya maka akumulasi fraksi lempung yang ada di bagian bawah menjadi bidang gelincir yang memicu longsor. Berdasarkan perpaduan ini, anomali-anomali saling berkorelasi dan tersebar di sekitar lokasi longsor. Oleh
karena itu, masih terdapat longsor susulan jika dipicu oleh hujan di atas normal dan masih tetap berada di sekitar lokasi longsor, sedikit bergerak ke arah timur laut dengan jangkauan yang sedikit meluas.
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