KARAKTERISTIK GETARAN PADA DINDING KAPAL PENUMPANG BERMATERIAL FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC AKIBAT OPERASIONAL MESIN INDUK
Abstract
Salah satu sumber getaran pada kapal adalah akibat kerja mesin induk. Material struktur menjadi salah satu penentu besarnya amplitudo yang terjadi. Kapal monohull dengan penggunaan 3 mesin menjadi objek dari penelitian ini. Getaran pada dinding di ruang penumpang menjadi penting ketika amplitudo yang terjadi mengganggu penumpang di dalamnya. Karakteristik getaran perlu diketahui agar dapat dicarikan solusi untuk mengatasinya. Pengukuran getaran langsung di kapal menggunakan vibrometer dan dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan simulasi hingga diperoleh karakteristik getaran pada dinding kapal ini. Hasil pengukuran di lapangan menunjukkan angka amplitudo di atas 0,2 mm melebihi batas yang diijinkan yaitu 0,02 mm. Diperlukan simulasi untuk menggambarkan distribusi getaran pada dinding kapal. Hal ini untuk mempermudah proses analisa pola distribusi getaran . Hasil simulasi pada dinding kapal menunjukkan bahwa getaran dalam arah vertikal mempunyai nilai amplitudo yang lebih besar dan frekuensi lebih rendah dibandingkan arah getaran horisontal. Hal ini mengindikasikan konstruksi dalam keadaan buruk jika frekuensi natural dari sistem tersebut mendekati nilai frekuensi eksitasi akibat operasional mesin. Getaran yang diteruskan dari sumber getaran tidak teredam dengan baik dalam arah vertikal. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan besarnya nilai amplitudo yang mencapai 10 kali lebih besar dari amplitudo arah getaran horisontal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan diperlukan peredam pada bagian dinding kapal agar getaran dalam arah vertikal dapat dikurangi. Adapun cara meredam getaran dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara. Solusi untuk mengurangi getaran ini menjadi peluang untuk dilakukan penelitian lainnya.
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