Ketahanan Enam Varietas Padi Terhadap Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia oryzea Cav.) pada Lahan Sawah Irigasi dan Sawah Tadah Hujan

  • Christoffol Leiwakabessy Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka Ambon 97233, Indonesia
  • Fahra Inayatri Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka Ambon 97233, Indonesia
  • Edizon Jambormias Program Studi Pemuliaan Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka Ambon 97233, Indonesia
  • Jogeneis Patty Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka Ambon 97233, Indonesia
  • Rhony E Ririhena Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura, Jl. Ir. M. Putuhena, Kampus Poka Ambon 97233, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.147
Keywords: blast disease, resistant variety, rice fields irrigated, rice rainfed lowland

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L) is an economically important carbohydrate-producing plant that ranks second only to wheat. In Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and several other countries, rice is used as a staple food source. The commodity projection is expected in the coming years to grow to reach 70 percent. Blast disease is known as one of the main obstacles in rice cultivation today. Recommended control alternative to the disease was through the utilization of economically beneficial and environmentally friendly resistant varieties. The study used six varieties tested on different cultivated land and designed using a split plot experiment. The results showed that the resistance of the six varieties of rice to blast disease, with the criteria from susceptible to resistance was: Kabir07 (5%) and IPB8G (3%) classified as susceptible, followed by IPB9G 1.8% (moderate resistance), Inpari32 1.8% (moderate resistant), Fas Memeye 1.8% (moderate resistant), and IPB3S 1.2% (resistant). The study found that irrigated rice fields had a higher severity of blast disease than rain-fed rice fields.

Keywords: blast disease, resistant variety, rice fields irrigated, rice rainfed lowland

 

ABSTRAK

Padi (Oryza sativa L) adalah tanaman penghasil karbohidrat penting secara ekonomi yang menempati peringkat kedua setelah gandum. Di Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, dan beberapa negara lain, padi digunakan sebagai sumber makanan pokok. Proyeksi komoditas tersebut diharapkan pada tahun-tahun mendatang tumbuh mencapai 70 persen. Penyakit blas dikenal sebagai salah satu kendala utama dalam budidaya padi saat ini. Alternatif yang direkomendasikan untuk pengendalian terhadap penyakit ini adalah melalui varietas tahan yang bermanfaat secara ekonomi dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi ketahanan enam varietas padi pada lahan padi sawah dan sawah tadah hujan terhadap penyakit blas. Penelitian ini menggunakan enam varietas diuji pada lahan budidaya yang berbeda dan dirancang menggunakan percobaan petak terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketahanan keenam varietas padi terhadap penyakit blas, dengan kriteria dari rentan sampai tahan adalah: Kabir07 (5%) dan IPB8G (3%) tergolong rentan, diikuti oleh IPB9G 1,8% (moderat tahan), Inpari32 1,8% (moderat tahan), Fas Memeye 1,8% (moderat tahan), dan IPB3S 1,2% (tahan). Ditemukan bahwa lahan sawah irigasi memiliki keparahan penyakit blas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sawah tadah hujan.

Kata kunci: penyakit blas, sawah tadah hujan, sawah irigasi, varietas resisten

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Published
2020-12-30
How to Cite
Leiwakabessy, C., Inayatri, F., Jambormias, E., Patty, J., & Ririhena, R. (2020). Ketahanan Enam Varietas Padi Terhadap Penyakit Blas (Pyricularia oryzea Cav.) pada Lahan Sawah Irigasi dan Sawah Tadah Hujan. JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN, 16(2), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.147
Issue
Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
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Articles

Copyright (c) 2020 Christoffol Leiwakabessy, Fahra Inayatri, Edizon Jambormias, Jogeneis Patty, Rhony E Ririhena

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