Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Granul Diperkaya Pupuk Ponska Terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah Dan Hasil Jagung Manis Di Inceptisol
Keywords:
sago pith waste granular compost, inceptisols
Abstract
Effort to reduce the high dependence of farmers on inorganic fertilizers is adding compost as organic fertilizer. This research was conducted to develop granular-enriched compost and evaluate the effectiveness of granular-enriched compost on corn cultivation in Inceptisol. The application of granular-enriched compost was designed in a Randomized Block Design with three replicates. Treatments included 1) without fertilizers (KGES1); 2) the granular-enriched compost (8 t/ha) (KGES2); 3) recommended dosage of inorganic fertilizers such as Urea, SP-36, and KCl (KGES3); 4) inorganic fertilizer + granular-enriched compost (8 t/ha) (KGES4); 5) ½× dosage of inorganic fertilizer + granular-enriched compost (8 t/ha) (KGES5); 6) 2 × dosage of inorganic fertilizer + granular-enriched compost (8 t/ha) (KGES6); 7) ½× dosage of inorganic fertilizer + granular-enriched compost (12 t/ha) (KGES7); and 8) 2× dosage of inorganic fertilizer + granular-enriched compost (4 t/ha) (KGES8).The granular-enriched compost used in this research had characteristic such as N 2.43 %, P 0.59 %, and K 0.86 %. The results of this study showed that the yield from the granular compost treatment (KGES2) was similar to the inorganic fertilizer treatment (KGES3). Application of inorganic fertilizer combined with compost granular-enriched compost. Over doses of inorganic fertilizer treatments had no significant (P < 0.05) differences on the yield. Based on this study it could be stated that reduction to a half dose of inorganic fertilizer combined with compost granule 12 t/ha (KGES7) could give profitable yield (7.86 t/ha). This combination could possibly reduce the inorganic fertilizer; therefore, it can be used for improving the effectiveness of fertilizer application on the corn cultivation in Inceptisols.
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References
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Alfons, J.B., dan A.A. Rivaie. 2011. Sagu mendukung ketahanan pangan dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan iklim. Perspektif 10: 81-91.
Arisha, H.M.E., A.A. Gad, and S.E. Younes. 2003. Response of some pepper cultivars to organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizer under sandy soil conditions. Zagazig Journal Agriculture Research 30: 1875-1899.
Awg-Adeni, D.S., S. Abd-Aziz, K. Bujang, and M.A. Hassan. 2010. Bioconversion of sago residue into value added products. African Journal of Biotechnology 9: 2016-2021.
Ayeni, L.S., E.O. Adeleye, and J.O. Adejumo. 2012. Comparative effect of organic, organomineral and mineral fertilizers on soil properties, nutrient uptake, growth and yield of maize (Zea Mays). International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science 2: 493-497.
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Efthimiadou, A., D. Bilalis, A. Karkanis, and B. Froud-Williams. 2010. Combined organic/inorganic fertilization enhance soil quality and increased yield, photosynthesis and sustainability of sweet maize crop. Australian Journal of Crop Science 4: 722-729.
Farhad, W., M.F. Saleem, M.A. Cheema, H.Z. Khan, and H.M. Hammad. 2011. Influence of poultry manure on the yield and quality of spring maize. Crop & Environment 2: 6-10.
Fischer, D. and B. Glaser. 2012. Synergisms Between Compost and Biochar for Sustainable Soil Amelioration. Management of Organic Waste, Dr. Sunil Kumar (Ed.). InTech. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/management-of-organic-waste/synergism-between-biocharand-compost-for-sustainable-soil-amelioration
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Garg, S. and G.S. Bahl. 2008. Phosphorus availability to maize as influenced by organic manures and fertilizer P associated phosphatase activity in soils. Bioresource Technology 99: 5773-5777.
Hairiah, K., Widianto, S.R. Utami, D. Suprayogo, Sunaryo, S.M. Sitompul, B. Lusiana, R. Mulia, M. van Noordwijk, dan G. Cadish. 2000. Pengelolaan Tanah Masam Secara Biologi. International Centre for Research in Agroforestri. Bogor.
Hillel, D. 1996. Introduction to Soil Physics. Terjemahan: Pengantar Fisika Tanah. Penerjemah: R.H. Susanto & R.N. Hamidawati. Mitra Gama Widya.
Iqbal, M., A.G. Khan, A. Ul-Hassan, M.W. Raza, and M. Amjad. 2012. Soil organic carbon, nitrate contents, physical properties and maize growth as influenced by dairy manure and nitrogen rates. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 14: 20–28.
Javed, H.M.R., M.S.I. Zamir, A. Tanveer, and M. Yaseen. 2013. Soil physical properties and spring maize yield as influenced by different tillage practices and integrated use of poultry manure with synthetic fertilizers. Jorunal of Agricultural Research 51: 277-287.
Kaya, E. 2003. Perilaku Fosfat Dalam tanah, Serapan Fosfat, dan Hasil Jagung (Zea mays L.) Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Fosfat dengan Amelioran Pada Typic Dystrudepts. Disertasi. Unpad. Bandung.
Khan, M.A., M. Abid, N. Hussain, and M.U. Masood. 2005. Effect of phosphorous levels on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under saline conditions. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 7: 511–514.
La Habi, M. 2007. Kajian Cara Pemberian dan Dosis Ela Sagu Terhadap Erosi Tanah, Limpasan Permukaan Serta Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung di Ultisol. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
La Habi, M., Z. Kusuma, S. Prijono, dan B. Prasetyo. 2012. Ketersediaan fosfat, serapan fosfat dan hasil tanaman jagung akibat pemberian pupuk organik granul ela sagu dengan pupuk fosfat pada inceptisol. Plumula: Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi 1: 144-155.
Li, J.T., X.L. Zhong, F. Wang, and Q.G. Zhao. 2011. Effect of poultry litter and livestock manure on soil physical and biological indicators in a rice-wheat rotation system. Plant Soil and Environment 57: 351-356.
Mandal, M., R.S. Chandran, and J.C. Sencindiver. 2013. Amending subsoil with composted poultry litter-I: effects on soil physical and chemical properties. Agronomy 3: 657-669.
Marsono, dan P. Sigit. 2005. Pupuk Organik dan Aplikasinya. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Minardi, S., Suntoro, Syekhfani, dan E. Handayanto. 2007. Penggunaan macam bahan organik dengan kandungan total asam humat dan asam fulvat berbeda dan pupuk P terhadap ketersediaan dan serapan P pada tanaman jagung manis. Agrivita 29: 131-137.
Okon, J.E., E.O. Mbong, G.J. Ebukanson, O.H. Uneh. 2013. Influence of nutrient amendments of soil quality on germination, growth and yield components of two varieties of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Sown at University of Uyo Botanical Garden, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. E3 Journal of Environmental Research and Management 4: 209-213.
Ouda, B.A. and A.Y. Mahadeen. 2008. Effect of fertilizers on growth, yield, yield components, quality and certain nutriet contents in broccoli (Brassica oleraceae). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 10: 627-632.
Premsekhar, M. and V. Rajashree. 2009. Influence of organic manures on growth, yield and quality of Okra. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3: 6-8.
Rasoulzadeh, A. and A. Yaghoubi. 2010. Effect of cattle manure on soil physical properties on a sandy clay loam soil in North-West Iran. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 8: 976-979.
Singhal, R.S., J.F. Kennedy, S.M. Gopalakrishnan, A. Kaczmarek, C.J. Knill, and P.F. Akmar. 2008. Review: industrial production, processing, and utilization of sago palm-derived products. Carbohydrate Polymers 72: 1-20.
Soemarno. 2002. Prinsip-Prinsip Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya Malang.
Stefanescu, M. 2004. Role of manure in increasing soil fertility and yield of wheat and maize. Romanian Agricultural Research 21: 43-47.
Susanto, A.N. dan M.P. Sirappa. 2007. Karakteristik dan ketersediaan data sumber daya lahan pulau-pulau kecil untuk perencanaan pembangunan pertanian di
Maluku. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 26: 41-53.
Syafruddin, M. Rauf, R.Y. Arvan, and M. Akil. 2009. Requirements for N, P, and K fertilizers on inceptisol haplustepts soil. Indonesian Journal of Agriculture 2: 77-84.
Tahir, M., M. Ayub, H.M.R. Javeed, M. Naeem, H.-ur-Rehman, M. Waseem, and M. Ali. 2011. Effect of different organic matter on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 9: 63-66.
Tejada, M. and J.L. Gonzalez. 2007. Application of different organic wastes on soil properties and wheat yield. Agronomy Journal 99: 1597-1606.
Utami, S.R., S. Kurniawan, B. Situmorang, and N.D. Rositasari. 2012. Increasing P-availability and p-uptake using sugarcane filter cake and rice husk ash to improve chinesse cabbage (Brassica sp.) growth in Andisol, East Java. Journal of Agricultural Science 4: 153-160.
Winarso, S. 2005. Kesuburan Tanah: Dasar Kesehatan dan Kualitas Tanah. Gaya Media. Yogyakarta.
Zafar, M., M.K.Abbasi, A.Khaliq, and Z.-ur-Rehman. 2011. Effect of combining organic materials with inorganic phosphorus sources on growth, yield, energy content and phosphorus uptake in maize at Rawalakot Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Archives of Applied Science Research 3: 199-212.
Abbas, M.A., S.D.M. Elamin, and E.A.M. Elamin. 2011. Contribution of chicken manure on soil chemical and physical properties compared with urea + superphosphate fertilizers. Journal of Science and Technology 12: 9-16.
Adamu, S. and B.O. Leye. 2012. Performance of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by complementary use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. International Journal of Science and Nature 3: 753-757.
Agbede, T.M., S.O. Ojeniyi, and A.J. Adeyemo. 2008. Effect of poultry manure on soil physical and chemical properties, growth and grain yield of sorghum in Southwest, Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 2: 72-77.
Akanni, D.I., S.O. Ojeniyi, and M.A. Awodun. 2011. Soil properties, growth yield and nutrient content of maize, pepper and amaranthus as influenced by organic and organomineral fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology A 1: 1074-1078.
Akongwubel, A.O., U.B. Ewa, A. Prince, O. Jude, A. Martins, O. Simon, and O. Nicholas. 2012. Evaluation of agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L.) under different rates of poultry manure application in an ultisol of Obubra, Cross River State, Nigeria. International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 2: 138-144.
Alfons, J.B., dan A.A. Rivaie. 2011. Sagu mendukung ketahanan pangan dalam menghadapi dampak perubahan iklim. Perspektif 10: 81-91.
Arisha, H.M.E., A.A. Gad, and S.E. Younes. 2003. Response of some pepper cultivars to organic and mineral nitrogen fertilizer under sandy soil conditions. Zagazig Journal Agriculture Research 30: 1875-1899.
Awg-Adeni, D.S., S. Abd-Aziz, K. Bujang, and M.A. Hassan. 2010. Bioconversion of sago residue into value added products. African Journal of Biotechnology 9: 2016-2021.
Ayeni, L.S., E.O. Adeleye, and J.O. Adejumo. 2012. Comparative effect of organic, organomineral and mineral fertilizers on soil properties, nutrient uptake, growth and yield of maize (Zea Mays). International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science 2: 493-497.
Bahremand, M.R., M. Afyuni, M.A. Hajabbasi, and Y. Rezainejad. 2003. Short and mid-term effects of organic fertilizers on some soil physical properties. J. Agric. Natur. Resour. Sci. Technol. 6: 125-134.
Barzegar, A.R., A. Yousefi, A. Daryashenas. 2002. The effect of addition of different amounts and types of organic materials on soil physical properties and yield of wheat. Plant Soil 247: 295-301.
BPS. 2004. Statistik Indonesia. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta.
BPS. 2006. Maluku Dalam Angka. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Maluku, Ambon.
BPS. 2009. Statistik Indonesia 2008. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Jakarta, p. 177.
Badan Pusat Statistik Maluku Utara. 2010. Maluku Utara Dalam Angka. Ternate.
Civeira, G. 2010. Influence of municipal solid waste compost on soil properties and plant reestablishment in peri-urban environments. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 70: 446-453.
De Fretes, P.L, R.W. Zobel, and V.A. Sneder. 1996. A method for studying the effect of soil aggregate size and density. Soil Science Society of America Journal 60: 288-290.
Efthimiadou, A., D. Bilalis, A. Karkanis, and B. Froud-Williams. 2010. Combined organic/inorganic fertilization enhance soil quality and increased yield, photosynthesis and sustainability of sweet maize crop. Australian Journal of Crop Science 4: 722-729.
Farhad, W., M.F. Saleem, M.A. Cheema, H.Z. Khan, and H.M. Hammad. 2011. Influence of poultry manure on the yield and quality of spring maize. Crop & Environment 2: 6-10.
Fischer, D. and B. Glaser. 2012. Synergisms Between Compost and Biochar for Sustainable Soil Amelioration. Management of Organic Waste, Dr. Sunil Kumar (Ed.). InTech. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/management-of-organic-waste/synergism-between-biocharand-compost-for-sustainable-soil-amelioration
Gambo, B.A., M.D. Magaji, A.I. Yakuba, and A.U. Dikko. 2008. Effect of famyard manure, nitrogen and weed interference on the growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) at the Sokoto Rima Valley. Journal of Sustainable Development in Agriculture and Environment 3: 87-92.
Garg, S. and G.S. Bahl. 2008. Phosphorus availability to maize as influenced by organic manures and fertilizer P associated phosphatase activity in soils. Bioresource Technology 99: 5773-5777.
Hairiah, K., Widianto, S.R. Utami, D. Suprayogo, Sunaryo, S.M. Sitompul, B. Lusiana, R. Mulia, M. van Noordwijk, dan G. Cadish. 2000. Pengelolaan Tanah Masam Secara Biologi. International Centre for Research in Agroforestri. Bogor.
Hillel, D. 1996. Introduction to Soil Physics. Terjemahan: Pengantar Fisika Tanah. Penerjemah: R.H. Susanto & R.N. Hamidawati. Mitra Gama Widya.
Iqbal, M., A.G. Khan, A. Ul-Hassan, M.W. Raza, and M. Amjad. 2012. Soil organic carbon, nitrate contents, physical properties and maize growth as influenced by dairy manure and nitrogen rates. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 14: 20–28.
Javed, H.M.R., M.S.I. Zamir, A. Tanveer, and M. Yaseen. 2013. Soil physical properties and spring maize yield as influenced by different tillage practices and integrated use of poultry manure with synthetic fertilizers. Jorunal of Agricultural Research 51: 277-287.
Kaya, E. 2003. Perilaku Fosfat Dalam tanah, Serapan Fosfat, dan Hasil Jagung (Zea mays L.) Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Fosfat dengan Amelioran Pada Typic Dystrudepts. Disertasi. Unpad. Bandung.
Khan, M.A., M. Abid, N. Hussain, and M.U. Masood. 2005. Effect of phosphorous levels on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars under saline conditions. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology 7: 511–514.
La Habi, M. 2007. Kajian Cara Pemberian dan Dosis Ela Sagu Terhadap Erosi Tanah, Limpasan Permukaan Serta Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung di Ultisol. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
La Habi, M., Z. Kusuma, S. Prijono, dan B. Prasetyo. 2012. Ketersediaan fosfat, serapan fosfat dan hasil tanaman jagung akibat pemberian pupuk organik granul ela sagu dengan pupuk fosfat pada inceptisol. Plumula: Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi 1: 144-155.
Li, J.T., X.L. Zhong, F. Wang, and Q.G. Zhao. 2011. Effect of poultry litter and livestock manure on soil physical and biological indicators in a rice-wheat rotation system. Plant Soil and Environment 57: 351-356.
Mandal, M., R.S. Chandran, and J.C. Sencindiver. 2013. Amending subsoil with composted poultry litter-I: effects on soil physical and chemical properties. Agronomy 3: 657-669.
Marsono, dan P. Sigit. 2005. Pupuk Organik dan Aplikasinya. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Minardi, S., Suntoro, Syekhfani, dan E. Handayanto. 2007. Penggunaan macam bahan organik dengan kandungan total asam humat dan asam fulvat berbeda dan pupuk P terhadap ketersediaan dan serapan P pada tanaman jagung manis. Agrivita 29: 131-137.
Okon, J.E., E.O. Mbong, G.J. Ebukanson, O.H. Uneh. 2013. Influence of nutrient amendments of soil quality on germination, growth and yield components of two varieties of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) Sown at University of Uyo Botanical Garden, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State. E3 Journal of Environmental Research and Management 4: 209-213.
Ouda, B.A. and A.Y. Mahadeen. 2008. Effect of fertilizers on growth, yield, yield components, quality and certain nutriet contents in broccoli (Brassica oleraceae). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 10: 627-632.
Premsekhar, M. and V. Rajashree. 2009. Influence of organic manures on growth, yield and quality of Okra. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 3: 6-8.
Rasoulzadeh, A. and A. Yaghoubi. 2010. Effect of cattle manure on soil physical properties on a sandy clay loam soil in North-West Iran. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment 8: 976-979.
Singhal, R.S., J.F. Kennedy, S.M. Gopalakrishnan, A. Kaczmarek, C.J. Knill, and P.F. Akmar. 2008. Review: industrial production, processing, and utilization of sago palm-derived products. Carbohydrate Polymers 72: 1-20.
Soemarno. 2002. Prinsip-Prinsip Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Brawijaya Malang.
Stefanescu, M. 2004. Role of manure in increasing soil fertility and yield of wheat and maize. Romanian Agricultural Research 21: 43-47.
Susanto, A.N. dan M.P. Sirappa. 2007. Karakteristik dan ketersediaan data sumber daya lahan pulau-pulau kecil untuk perencanaan pembangunan pertanian di
Maluku. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 26: 41-53.
Syafruddin, M. Rauf, R.Y. Arvan, and M. Akil. 2009. Requirements for N, P, and K fertilizers on inceptisol haplustepts soil. Indonesian Journal of Agriculture 2: 77-84.
Tahir, M., M. Ayub, H.M.R. Javeed, M. Naeem, H.-ur-Rehman, M. Waseem, and M. Ali. 2011. Effect of different organic matter on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 9: 63-66.
Tejada, M. and J.L. Gonzalez. 2007. Application of different organic wastes on soil properties and wheat yield. Agronomy Journal 99: 1597-1606.
Utami, S.R., S. Kurniawan, B. Situmorang, and N.D. Rositasari. 2012. Increasing P-availability and p-uptake using sugarcane filter cake and rice husk ash to improve chinesse cabbage (Brassica sp.) growth in Andisol, East Java. Journal of Agricultural Science 4: 153-160.
Winarso, S. 2005. Kesuburan Tanah: Dasar Kesehatan dan Kualitas Tanah. Gaya Media. Yogyakarta.
Zafar, M., M.K.Abbasi, A.Khaliq, and Z.-ur-Rehman. 2011. Effect of combining organic materials with inorganic phosphorus sources on growth, yield, energy content and phosphorus uptake in maize at Rawalakot Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Archives of Applied Science Research 3: 199-212.
Published
2016-07-01
How to Cite
La Habi, M. (2016). Pengaruh Pemberian Kompos Granul Diperkaya Pupuk Ponska Terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah Dan Hasil Jagung Manis Di Inceptisol. JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN, 12(1), 41-50. Retrieved from https://ojs3.unpatti.ac.id/index.php/bdp/article/view/47
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