Analisis Tingkat Bahaya Erosi dan Arahan Rehabilitasi Lahan di DAS Wai Batu Gajah Kota Ambon
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Abstract
A river basin is a unified land area comprising a river and its tributaries, which functions to naturally collect, store, and convey rainwater toward a lake or the sea. This study aims to determine the Erosion Hazard Level (EHL) and formulate land rehabilitation guidelines for the Wai Batu Gajah Watershed. The research methodology involved analyzing the physical conditions of the watershed, evaluating land cover changes, and identifying the factors and impacts of erosion. The results indicated that the erosion hazard levels in the Wai Batu Gajah Watershed vary, dominated by the "very light" category at 300.91 ha (46.88%), followed by "moderate" (17.24%), "high" (13.96%), "light" (11.45%), and "very high" (10.48%). Although the majority of the area falls within low to moderate categories, approximately 24.44% of the watershed is classified as high and very high hazard, requiring priority intervention. This high erosion potential is driven by steep slopes, the dominance of erodible Eutric Cambisols (Lithic Eutrudepts), and a significant reduction in forest cover from 215.70 ha in 1998 to 58.88 ha in 2010 due to land conversion into settlements and agriculture. Recommended rehabilitation strategies include vegetative methods through reforestation, agroforestry, and cover cropping, as well as mechanical methods in residential areas to support soil and water conservation. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for sustainable watershed management policies to maintain the hydrological and ecological functions of the Wai Batu Gajah Watershed.
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