Analisis Tingkat Kerawanan Longsor pada Kawasan Permukiman serta Strategi Mitigasi dan Adaptasi di Kecamatan Sirimau, Kota Ambon

Analisis Tingkat Kerawanan Longsor

Abstract

Landslide susceptibility poses a significant challenge to sustainable settlement development in Sirimau District, Ambon City, where dense urban development increasingly intersects with hilly terrain. This study aimed to assess landslide susceptibility, examine its spatial intersection with residential areas, and formulate context-specific mitigation and adaptation strategies. Susceptibility was assessed using GIS-based scoring and weighting of five parameters: slope gradient, annual rainfall, soil type, geology, and land use, following the framework of the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (DVMBG, 2004). Spatial analysis was conducted using ArcGIS 10.8, while mitigation and adaptation strategies were formulated through SWOT–TOWS analysis. The results identified two susceptibility classes: moderate, covering 2,028.32 ha (55.13%), and high, covering 1,650.83 ha (44.87%), with no areas classified as low susceptibility. Notably, 816.28 ha (60.07%) of residential areas intersected high-susceptibility zones, particularly in Batu Merah, Soya, Amantelu, Batu Meja, Batu Gajah, Waihoka, and Karang Panjang. The SWOT–TOWS synthesis prioritised susceptibility-informed spatial planning, slope rehabilitation and conservation, strengthened community preparedness, institutional collaboration, and GIS-based monitoring. Integrating spatial susceptibility assessment with strategic planning therefore provides an operational basis for controlling settlement development and prioritising landslide mitigation in densely developed hilly urban environments.