Kesesuaian Kelembagaan dalam Implementasi Agroforestri Tebu Mandiri Perhutani: Analisis Rules-in-use

Abstract

Perum Perhutani implements Independent Sugarcane Agroforestry (Agroforestri Tebu Mandiri, ATM) across forest management units with diverse biophysical, social, and operational conditions. This study examines institutional fit by comparing formal rules and implementation practices using Ostrom’s seven rules-in-use categories. A qualitative embedded case study was conducted from January to July 2025, covering the corporate level and three Forest Management Units (KPH): Ngawi, Blora, and Indramayu. Data were collected through regulatory and corporate document reviews, field observations, and in-depth interviews with 22 purposively selected informants. The findings indicate that position rules demonstrate relatively strong institutional fit, while boundary, choice, aggregation, and scope rules exhibit moderate fit. The most prominent institutional gaps are found in information and payoff rules. Variations in land access, operational coordination, input availability, and site conditions reveal that clearly defined corporate rules do not always translate into responsive implementation practices. These findings provide the basis for a three-layer conceptual model of adaptive institutional fit that connects corporate strategic direction, operational coordination and decision-making at the KPH level, and feedback on implementation outcomes and field-level constraints to inform adjustments in ATM management.