Penilaian Status Keberlanjutan Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih Berbasis Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air di Provinsi Banten

Abstract

Sustainable drinking water provision requires integrated assessment of ecological conditions, financial performance, human resources, and technological reliability. This study evaluated the multidimensional sustainability of drinking water supply systems operated by six regional enterprises in Banten Province, Indonesia. Sustainability was assessed using Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) with the Rapfish approach across four dimensions: ecology, economy, human resources, and technology. Attribute scoring incorporated expert assessments and secondary institutional data, while leverage analysis identified attributes exhibiting the greatest sensitivity within each dimension. Ecological sustainability indices ranged from 38.69 to 73.72, indicating less to moderately sustainable conditions. Economic indices ranged from 42.05 to 68.88, revealing comparable sustainability constraints. Human resource indices ranged from 59.60 to 81.05, whereas technological indices ranged from 57.50 to 94.93, indicating comparatively stronger performance in these dimensions. Sensitive ecological attributes included customer water quality, river regime coefficient, and vegetation cover. Economic sensitivity was associated with cash ratio, customer growth, and collection effectiveness. Complaint resolution, corporate social responsibility implementation, service operating hours, and customer connection pressure also emerged as important attributes. These findings support differentiated management priorities integrating watershed protection, financial resilience, organizational capacity, and technological reliability to strengthen sustainable drinking water services across regional enterprises.