DETERMINAN SOSIAL YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN LITERASI GIZI PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM SARJANA REGULER UNIVERSITAS PATTIMURA ANGKATAN 2018 (ANALISIS DATA SEKUNDER: STUDI LITERASI KESEHATAN 2019)
Abstract
Literasi gizi merupakan salah satu prediktor penyakit tidak menular, namun belum banyak penelitian yang menilai kemampuan literasi gizi masyarakat, termasuk pada kelompok masyarakat berpendidikan tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara determinan sosial dan literasi gizi pada mahasiswa program sarjana di Universitas Pattimura angkatan 2018 dengan menggunakan data sekunder Studi Literasi Kesehatan 2019. Enam determinan yang diukur yaitu jenis kelamin, uang saku mingguan, status tempat tinggal, suku, partisipasi sosial dan program pendidikan. Tingkat literasi gizi diukur menggunakan kuesioner The Newest Vital Signs. Analisa deskriptif terdiri dari frekuensi untuk variabel kategorik dan mean, median, varian untuk variabel numerik. Uji non-parametrik Mann-Whitney dilakukan untuk mencari hubungan antar variabel dan regresi liner multivariabel untuk mencari variabel yang paling berpengaruh. Dari 382 partisipan, lebih banyak yang memiliki tingkat literasi yang tidak adekuat dibanding yang adekuat (54,7% vs 45,3%). Adapun rerata skor literasi gizi seluruh partisipan adalah 2,31 (SD=1,30) dari skala 6. Untuk determinan sosialnya, hanya keragaman suku yang diketahui memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan skor literasi gizi. Penelitian lanjutan disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi determinan lain yang berkaitan dengan literasi gizi.
Nutrition literacy is one of the predictors of non-comunicable diseases; however, research around nutrition literacy assessment is lacking in Indonesia, including among its well-educated population. This study aimed to examine the determinants of nutrition literacy among first year undergraduate students of the University of Pattimura, Maluku. Using data derived from the Health Literacy Study 2019, six determinants of nutrition literacy (i.e., sex, weekly expenditure, living place status, perceived ethnic diversity, social participation and education programs) were analyzed. Nutrition literacy was measured using the adapted 6-item Newest Vital Signs. Descriptive statistic of frequency, mean and median was used to describe each of the main variables. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney was performed to examine the association between independent and dependent variables. Linear regression linear was used to analyze association between independent variables and nutriton literacy. Of the 382 participants, the average score of nutrition literacy was 2,31 (SD=1,30), with more than half of them have inadequate nutrition literacy (54,7%) compared to those who have adequate nutrition literacy (45,3%). Perceived ethnic diversity was the only social determinant that significantly associates with nutrition literacy. Future research exploring association of other social determinants to nutrition literacy is recommended.
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