Akibat Hukum Sistem Ijon Dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli

Abstract

The ijon system, a form of sales agreement where payment is made in advance for goods that are not yet available or produced, is particularly problematic in agricultural transactions. One major problem is the lack of clarity regarding the fulfillment of the agreement, given that the goods sold do not yet exist. This can create the risk that the seller will not fulfill the agreement, potentially triggering disputes between the seller and the buyer. The case in Maro Sebo, Jambi, demonstrated that the seller was unable to fulfill its obligations due to force majeure. This study employed a normative research method with a legislative and conceptual approach. The legal sources used included primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The data were collected qualitatively and then processed. The results indicate that the ijon system is still ideal. However, the answer depends on the parties' ability to draft a clear and detailed agreement and consider factors that could influence its implementation. This is in accordance with civil law, with the valid terms of the agreement and the principles of the agreement. The legal consequences of the ijon system in an agreement include the parties' obligations to fulfill their obligations, such as delivering the goods in accordance with the agreement and making payments in accordance with the agreement. This also includes the possibility of contract cancellation and claims for damages if one party fails to fulfill its obligations. The case resolution in Maro Sebo District demonstrates that force majeure, such as bad weather, can invalidate a debt-based loan agreement. The agreement was declared null and void, and through mediation, the farmer and buyer reached an amicable settlement, including the return of the down payment and assistance with seedlings. This case emphasizes the importance of clear, written agreements.