Pengaruh Inokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Komposisi Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Cengkih Tuni (Syzygium aromaticum L.)
Abstract
Cengkih Tuni merupakan salah satu cengkih unggul asal Maluku yang telah dilepas oleh Kementerian Pertanian RI pada tahun 2013. Penggunaan pupuk kimiawi untuk meningkatkan produksi cengkih Tuni dapat dilakukan, akan tetapi penggunaan dalam jangka panjang dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan kualitas hasil panen. Untuk itu diperlukan input teknologi budidaya ramah lingkungan sejak di pembibitan seperti pemanfaatan FMA dan penggunaan pupuk organik. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh interaksi FMA dan komposisi pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan bibit cengkih Tuni. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis inokulum mycofer FMA yang terdiri atas empat taraf yaitu 0 spora/tanaman (0 g/tanaman), 50 spora/tanaman (2 g/tanaman), 100 spora/tanaman (4 g/tanaman), 150 spora/tanaman (6 g/tanaman), 200 spora/tananamn (8 g/tanaman). Faktor kedua adalah komposisi media pembibitan berupa campuran pupuk organik dengan tanah (v/v) yang terdiri atas lima taraf yaitu tanpa pemberian pupuk organik (kontrol), tanah : pupuk organik 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1. Hasil penelitian didapatkan interaksi terbaik terdapat pada interaksi antara inokulasi FMA 100 spora/tanaman (4 g/tanaman) dan komposisi pupuk organik 2:1 terhadap hampir keseluruhan peubah pengamatan. Kolonisasi FMA kategori tinggi dalam penelitian didapatkan pada dosis inokulasi FMA 4 g/tanaman pada keseluruhan kombinasi perlakuan, sedangkan kategori sedang terdapat pada dosis inokulasi FMA 2, 6, dan 8 g/tanaman pada keseluruhan kombinasi perlakuannya.
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