Chemical Constituent and Antioxidant Activity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Bud and Leaf Essential Oils from Bali

  • I Wayan Muderawan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education, Jl. Udayana No. 11, Singaraja Bali 81117, Indonesia
  • Pande Putu Diah Suci Laksmi Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education, Jl. Udayana No. 11, Singaraja Bali 81117, Indonesia
  • I Wayan Mudianta Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education, Jl. Udayana No. 11, Singaraja Bali 81117, Indonesia
  • Ni Wayan Martiningsih Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Ganesha University of Education, Jl. Udayana No. 11, Singaraja Bali 81117, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-mud
Keywords: clove essential oils, chemical constituent, eugenol, antioxidant activity, Bali

Abstract

Bali is one of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) producers in Indonesia. Clove essential oil is mainly produced from the leaves and flowers. Eugenol is the main component in the essential oil of clove. The objective of this research is to determine constituents and antioxidant activity of clove’s bud and leaf essential oils from Bali. The essential oils were isolated from clove’s bud and leaf samples by steam distillation with the yield of 12.90 and 2.63%. The constituents of the clove essential oils were analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty-six and twenty-nine constituents were identified based on GC-MS from the clove bud and leaf essential oils, respectively. Major classes of compounds are sesquiterpenes, phenyl propanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and esters. Different compositions in major constituents were found between both essential oils. Clove bud essential oil (CBEO) contained eugenol (65.29 %), trans-caryophyllene (20.06 %), and α-humulene (3.38 %). While, in clove’s leaf essential oil (CLEO), the composition was eugenol (64.47 %), trans-caryophyllene (27.19 %), and α-humulene (3.62 %). The clove essential oil and its main component show strong antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of CBEO, CLEO, and eugenol is 22.58, 29.19, and 17.53 μg/mL, respectively.

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Published
2025-01-24
How to Cite
(1)
Muderawan, I. W.; Laksmi, P. P. D. S.; Mudianta, I. W.; Martiningsih, N. W. Chemical Constituent and Antioxidant Activity of Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Bud and Leaf Essential Oils from Bali. Indo. J. Chem. Res. 2025, 12, 173-182.
Issue
Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Section
Research articles

Copyright (c) 2025 I Wayan Muderawan, Pande Putu Diah Suci Laksmi, I Wayan Mudianta, Ni Wayan Martiningsih

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