Kinetic of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) Removal by Corn Cob-Based Activated Carbon Modified with Nitric Acid

  • Wahyu Ratnaningsih Department of Plastics and Rubber Processing Technology Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55188, Indonesia
  • Vebri Aningtyas Department of Chemisty, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
  • Husna Muizzati Shabrina Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran, Yogyakarta 55283, Indonesia
  • Uma Fadzilia Arifin Department of Plastics and Rubber Processing Technology Politeknik ATK Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta 55188, Indonesia
  • Wisnu Prayogo Department of Building Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan 20221, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Amin Faculty of Geoscience and Civil Engineering, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-rat
Keywords: Activated carbon, corn cob, Cr(VI) heavy metal, nitric acid modification

Abstract

The presence of heavy metal Cr(VI) in water indicates environmental pollution. Heavy metal Cr(VI) that exceeds the standard can be harmful to health because it is toxic and carcinogenic. Activated carbon can be used as a heavy metal adsorbent. Modification of activated carbon using nitric acid can increase metal adsorption capacity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the kinetic of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal by corn cob-based activated carbon modified with nitric acid. The modified activated carbon was characterized by Boehm titration and FTIR spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity was identified in various parameters, involving the initial concentration of Cr(VI), pH value, contact time, and concentration of the adsorbent to obtain the optimal Cr(VI) removal efficiency value. The most optimal Cr(VI) adsorption was obtained at an activated carbon dosage of 3 g/L, pH value of 1, contact time of 140 minutes, and 100 mg/l Cr(VI) concentration. Based on adsorption kinetics data, the pseudo-second-order equation was obtained (R2 =0.994). The adsorption phenomenon followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.998) with an optimum adsorption capacity of 28.32 mg/g. Corn cob-activated carbon modified with nitric acid has many acidic groups that act as effective active sites for reducing Cr(VI) from water.

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Published
2025-01-28
How to Cite
(1)
Ratnaningsih, W.; Aningtyas, V.; Shabrina, H. M.; Arifin, U. F.; Prayogo, W.; Amin, M. Kinetic of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI) Removal by Corn Cob-Based Activated Carbon Modified With Nitric Acid. Indo. J. Chem. Res. 2025, 12, 229-237.
Issue
Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Section
Research articles

Copyright (c) 2025 Wahyu Ratnaningsih, Vebri Aningtyas, Husna Muizzati Shabrina, Uma Fadzilia Arifin, Wisnu Prayogo, Muhammad Amin

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