Synthesis of Silica from Chitosan-Modified Sugarcane Bagasse and GPTMS Binding Compound as an Adsorbent for Remazol Yellow Dye Waste

Abstract

Remazol Yellow, a synthetic dye waste, is carcinogenic and mutagenic, necessitating waste treatment. One of the methods used is adsorption with silica adsorbents and sugarcane bagasse. Silica has unusual features, including mechanical stability at high temperatures, strong ion-exchange capacity, and a large surface area with broad pores. The inclusion of chitosan increases the number of active sites on silica as an adsorbent. The inclusion of the binding agent glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) can improve the link between silica and chitosan as the dye adsorbent concentration increases. The FTIR characterization results indicate absorption bands at 451 cm^-1, 796 cm^-1, and 958 cm^-1, corresponding to the spectra of silica and chitosan chemical groups. The XRD analysis revealed crystalline silica in the form of the cristobalite phase. SEM analysis revealed that the binding chemical increased the surface porosity of the silica-chitosan adsorbent. The optimal adsorption conditions for utilizing chitosan-modified silica adsorbent are a pH of 2 and a contact time of 2 hours. An adsorbent mass of 0.5 g, with an adsorption capacity value of 2.17 mmol/g, influences the growth in adsorption capacity, as does an adsorbate concentration of 80 ppm, with an adsorption capacity value of 2.8 mmol/g.