Morphological Study and Characterization of Chitosan/Graphene Quantum Dots/TiO2 Composite Film as a Modified Electrode Material

  • Astri Anjelina Nasution Postgraduate School, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
  • Irwana Nainggolan Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
  • Andriayani Andriayani Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
  • Nessa Gina Sonia Postgraduate School, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No. 1, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-ast
Keywords: Chitosan, GQDs, TiO2, FTIR, XRD, SEM

Abstract

This study investigates the morphological and structural characteristics of chitosan/graphene quantum dots/titanium dioxide (CS/GQDs/TiO₂) composite films with TiO₂ concentrations of 50–250 mg/L as coating materials for modified working electrodes. The films were prepared using ionic gelation and stirring methods. Characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis confirmed hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions among chitosan, GQDs, and TiO₂ through the shift of –OH/–NH₂ bands and the appearance of Ti–O–Ti and C–O–Ti bands. XRD analysis showed an increase in crystallinity from 20.82% to 41.35%, indicating improved structural ordering after TiO₂ incorporation. SEM observations revealed morphological transformation from the rough surface of pure chitosan to a more compact and homogeneous structure at moderate TiO₂ concentrations, while agglomeration appeared at higher concentrations. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of GQDs and TiO₂ enhances the structural stability and morphology of the chitosan matrix, making the composite promising for electrochemical electrode coating applications.

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Published
2026-05-26
How to Cite
(1)
Nasution, A. A.; Nainggolan, I.; Andriayani, A.; Sonia, N. G. Morphological Study and Characterization of Chitosan/Graphene Quantum Dots/TiO2 Composite Film As a Modified Electrode Material. Indo. J. Chem. Res. 2026, 14, 53-60.
Issue
Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Section
Research articles

Copyright (c) 2026 Astri Anjelina Nasution, Irwana Nainggolan, Andriayani Andriayani, Nessa Gina Sonia

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