Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Nyamplung Leaf Extract (Calophyllum Inophyllum L.) As A Bioreducing Agent with Microwave Irradiation and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a bioreduction method, with nyamplung leaf extract (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) serving as a reducing agent for AgNO₃, in which Ag⁺ was reduced to Ag⁰ through microwave irradiation. The formation of AgNPs was indicated by a color change and subsequently analyzed by measuring the absorption wavelength using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR, and Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). The AgNPs were successfully synthesized under the optimum conditions of an AgNO₃ concentration of 0.0025 M, an optimum AgNO₃ solution-to-amplung leaf extract volume ratio of 1:1, and an optimum storage time of 8 days. The average particle size of the synthesized AgNPs was 107.1 nm. The antibacterial activity test showed that the silver nanoparticles synthesized using nyamplung leaf extract exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, with inhibition zone diameters of 12 mm and 10.3 mm, respectively.