PERTUMBUHAN ALAMI (NATURAL INCREASE) SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN PANGKALAN LADA KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT
NATURAL INCREASE OF BEEF CATTLE IN PANGKALAN LADA DISTRICT WEST KOTAWARINGIN REGENCY
Abstract
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai pertumbuhan alami (natural increase) sapi potong dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya di Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan penentuan responden berdasarkan purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 178 responden dari 10 desa dengan total populasi sapi potong 713 ekor terdiri atas 3 (tiga) bangsa sapi yaitu sapi Bali (457 ekor), sapi Limosin (151 ekor) dan sapi Simental (105 ekor). Peubah yang diamati meliputi karakteristik peternak dan usaha peternakan, struktur populasi sapi potong, dinamika populasi sapi potong dan natural increase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan struktur populasi sapi potong berdasarkan umur di Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada sebagai berikut: pedet jantan (6,45%), pedet betina (13,88%), jantan muda (4,07%), betina muda (10,80%), jantan dewasa (22,30%) dan betina dewasa (42,50%). Calf crop sapi potong (65,91%) sedangkan rasio sex sapi potong jantan banding betina adalah (31,72% : 68,28%). Persentase kelahiran sapi potong terhadap induk (65,91%); Persentase kelahiran sapi potong terhadap sampel (21,64%). Persentase kematian sapi potong (1,34%). Persentase natural increase sapi sapi potong di Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada (20,30%). Kesimpulannya struktur populasi sapi potong di Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada didominasi oleh jantan dan betina dewasa. Natural increase sapi potong di Kecamatan Pangkalan Lada tergolong rendah, sedangkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap natural increase adalah tingkat kelahiran rendah, tingkat kematian tinggi dan populasi betina dewasa produktif rendah.
ABSTRACT
The research aims to determine the value of natural increase and factors that influence the value of natural increase of beef cattle in Pangkalan Lada District, West Kotawaringin Regency. This research is descriptive analytical. by determining respondents based on purposive sampling. The number of samples used in the research was 178 respondents from 10 villages with a total beef cattle population of 713 heads consisting of 3 (three) breeds of cattle, namely Bali cattle (457 heads), Limosin cattle (151 heads) and Simental cattle (105 heads). The parameters observed include the characteristics of breeders and livestock businesses, beef cattle population structure, beef cattle population dynamics and Natural Increase. The results of the research show that the population structure of beef cattle based on age in Pangkalan Lada District is as follows: male calf (6.45%), female calf (13.88%), young bull (4.07%), heifer (10.80% ), bull (22.30%) and cow (42.50%). Calf crop beef cattle (65.91%) while the sex ratio of male to female beef cattle is (31.72% : 68.28%) The percentage of beef cattle births to mothers is (65.91%); The percentage of beef cattle births in the sample was (21.64%). The percentage of beef cattle deaths is (1.34%). The percentage of natural increase in beef cattle in Pangkalan Lada District is (20.30%). Conclusion: The population structure of beef cattle in Pangkalan Lada District is dominated by bull and cow. The natural increase in beef cattle in Pangkalan Lada District is relatively low, while the factors that influence the natural increase are low birth rates, high death rates and low productive cow population.
Downloads
References
Alam, A., Dwijatmiko, S., & Sumekar, W. (2014). Motivasi Peternak Terhadap Aktivitas Budidaya Ternak Sapi Potong Di Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku. Agromedia Berkala Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 32(2), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.47728/ag.v32i2.96.
Annashru, F. A., Ihsan, M. N., Puspita, A., & Yekti, A. (2017). Pengaruh Perbedaan Waktu Inseminasi Buatan Terhadap Keberhasilan Kebuntingan Sapi Brahman Cross. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, 27(3), 17-23. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jiip.2017.027.03.03.
Anggraini, N., & Putra, R. A. (2017). Analisis Potensi Wilayah dalam Pengembangan Peternakan Sapi Potong Di Kecamatan Sijunjung Kabupaten Sijunjung. Agrifo: Jurnal Agribisnis Universitas Malikussaleh, 2(2), 82-100. https://doi.org/10.29103/ag.v2i2.380.
Anggraini, Y. (2019). Studi Berbagai Parameter Dinamika Populasi Ternak Sapi Bali di Kecamatan Narmada Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Disertasi. Mataram: Universitas Mataram.
Anwar, K. (2018). Pengaruh Jumlah Penduduk Usia Produktif, Kemiskinan Dan Inflasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Kabupaten Bireuen. Jurnal Ekonomi Regional Unimal, 1(1), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.29103/jeru.v1i1.935.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kotawaringin Barat. (2021). Kotawaringin Barat Dalam Angka Tahun 2021. Pangkalan Bun: Badan Pusat Statistik Kotawaringin Barat.
Budiarto, A., Hakim, L., Suyadi, S., Nurgiartiningsih, V. A., & Ciptadi, G. (2013). Natural Incresae Sapi Bali di Wilayah Instalasi Populasi Dasar Propinsi Bali. TERNAK TROPIKA Journal of Tropical Animal Production, 14(2), 46-52.
Ditjen PKH. (2022). Pedoman Optimalisasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) Tahun 2012. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan, Kementerian Pertanian.
Gunawan, M., Kaiin, E. M., & Said, S. (2015). Aplikasi Inseminasi Buatan Dengan Sperma Sexing Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Sapi Di Peternakan Rakyat. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 1(1), 93-96. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010115.
Malik, A., Wahid, H., Rosnina, Y., Kasim, A., & Sabri, M. (2012). Effects of Timed Artificial Insemination Following Estrus Synchronization in Postpartum Beef Cattle. Open Veterinary Journal, 2(1), 1-5. http://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v2.i1.1.
Marpaung, P., Hasnudi, & Rahmanta. (2020). Analysis of Factors Influencing Beef Cattle Productivities and Their Development Strategies in Dairy Regency, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 454(1), 012054. IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/454/1/012054.
Maryam, M., Paly, M. B., & Astati, A. (2016). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penentu Pendapatan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong (Studi kasus Desa Otting Kab. Bone). Jurnal Ilmu dan Industri Peternakan, 3(1), 79-101. https://doi.org/10.24252/jiip.v3i1.3921.
Marsudi, S., Khaliq, T. D., Fahrodi, D. U., Said, N. S., & Rahmaniah, H. M. (2017). Dinamika Populasi Ternak Kerbau di Lembah Napu Poso berdasarkan penampilan reproduksi, output dan natural increase. Jurnal Agroveteriner, 5(2), 109-117. https://doi.org/10.20473/agrovet.v5i2.
Mulliniks, J. T., Beard, J. K., & King, T. M. (2020). Invited Review: Effects of Selection for Milk Production on Cow-Calf Productivity and Profitability in Beef Production Systems. Applied animal science, 36(1), 70-77. https://doi.org/10.15232/aas.2019-01883.
Oktafiana, A., Sukaryana, Y., & Kaffi, S. S. (2021). Struktur Populasi dan Natural Increase Sapi Potong Di Kecamatan Terbanggi Besar Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. PETERPAN (Jurnal Peternakan Terapan), 3(2), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.25181/peterpan.v3i2.2237.
Paly, M. B. (2019). Calving Interval of Productive PC to Increase Cattle Population Growth: A Case Study at South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 67(5), 1325-1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967051325.
Setjen Kementan. (2022). Outlook Komoditas Peternakan Daging Sapi. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal Kementerian Pertanian.
Sumadi, S., Fathoni, A., Kusuma, S. B., & Hariyono, D. N. H. (2017). The Estimation of Natural Increase, Population Dinamics and Output of Beff Cattle in Klaten Central of Java. In International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production (ISTAP) (pp. 760-764). https://journal.ugm.ac.id/istapproceeding/article/view/30102.
Suresti, A., & Wati, R. (2012). Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 14(1), 249-262. Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, 14(1), 249-262. http://doi.org/10.25077/jpi.14.1.249-262.2012.
Susanti, A. E., Ngadiyono, N., & Sumadi. (2015). Estimasi Output Sapi Potong di Kabupaten Banyuasin Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Peternakan Sriwijaya, 4(2), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.33230/JPS.4.2.2015.2803.
Takasenserang, S., Lombogia, S. O., Malingkas, J. A., & Sajow, A. A. (2021). Peran Anggota Keluarga Pada Usaha Pemeliharaan Ternak Sapi Potong Di Kelurahan Makalonsouw Kecamatan Tondano Timur. Zootec, 41(1), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.35792/zot.41.1.2021.32007.
Tanari, M., Duma, Y., Rusiyantono, Y., & Mangun, M. (2011). Dinamika Populasi Sapi Potong Di Kecamatan Pamona Utara Kabupaten Poso. AgriSains, 12(1), 24-29. http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/AGRISAINS/article/view/4007.
Widyaningrum, R., Budisatria, I. G. S., & Maharani, D. (2021). Natural Increase, Net Replacement Rate, Output and Population Dynamic of Aceh Cattle in Livestock Breeding and Forage Center Of Indrapuri. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 46(1), 1-11. http://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.46.1.1-11.
Wiyatna, M. F., Fuah, A.M., & Mudikdjo, K. (2012). Potensi Pengembangan Usaha Sapi Potong Berbasis Sumber daya Lokal di Kabupaten Sumedang Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran, 12(2), 16-21. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v12i2.5123.
