SUBSTITUSI JAGUNG DENGAN TEPUNG PORANG HUTAN TERFERMENTASI TERHADAP PERFORMA BABI PERANAKAN LANDRACE FASE STARTER
SUBSTITUTION OF CORN WITH FERMENTED WILD PORANG FLOUR ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STARTER PHASE LANDRACE CROSSBRED PIGS
Abstract
Ketergantungan industri peternakan babi di Nusa Tenggara Timur pada jagung memicu tingginya biaya produksi ransum, sehingga diperlukan pemanfaatan bahan pakan lokal alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh substitusi jagung dengan tepung porang hutan terfermentasi (TPHF) menggunakan ragi tape terhadap performa babi peranakan Landrace fase starter. Sebanyak 20 ekor babi peranakan Landrace berumur 1–2 bulan dengan bobot awal 6–11 kg dialokasikan ke dalam 4 perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 ulangan: P0 (kontrol; 100% jagung), P1 (substitusi 20% TPHF), P2 (substitusi 30% TPHF), dan P3 (substitusi 40% TPHF). Variabel yang diamati meliputi konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan harian (PBB), dan konversi pakan selama 10 minggu pemeliharaan. Hasil analisis ragam (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa substitusi jagung dengan TPHF hingga level 40% tidak berpengaruh nyata (p > 0,05) terhadap seluruh variabel performa produksi. Konsumsi ransum berkisar antara 971,00–1.037,00 g/ekor/hari, PBB sebesar 338,57–370,00 g/ekor/hari, dan konversi pakan berkisar antara 2,36–2,57. Secara numerik, perlakuan P1 (substitusi 20%) memberikan respons performa produksi terbaik. Disimpulkan bahwa TPHF dapat mensubstitusi penggunaan jagung hingga level 40% tanpa menurunkan efisiensi dan performa produksi babi Landrace fase starter.
ABSTRACT
The high dependence of the pig farming industry in East Nusa Tenggara on corn triggers high ration production costs, necessitating the utilization of alternative local feed ingredients. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting corn with fermented wild porang flour (FWPF) using tape yeast on the performance of starter-phase crossbred Landrace pigs. A total of 20 crossbred Landrace pigs aged 1–2 months with an initial weight of 6–11 kg were allocated into 4 treatments using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replications: P0 (control; 100% corn), P1 (20% FWPF substitution), P2 (30% FWPF substitution), and P3 (40% FWPF substitution). The variables observed included ration consumption, daily weight gain (DWG), and feed conversion during the 10-week rearing period. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that substituting corn with FWPF up to the 40% level had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on all production performance variables. Ration consumption ranged from 971.00–1,037.00 g/head/day, DWG was 338.57–370.00 g/head/day, and feed conversion ranged from 2.36–2.57. Numerically, the P1 treatment (20% substitution) provided the best production performance response. It was concluded that FWPF can substitute the use of corn up to the 40% level without reducing the efficiency and production performance of starter-phase Landrace pigs.
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