EDUKASI KESEHATAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH DAN SEHAT PADA ANAK PANTI ASUHAN
Abstract
Children living in orphanages constitute a population vulnerable to behavior- and environment-related health problems due to limited resources, health education, and personal hygiene supervision. This community service program aimed to profile Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat/PHBS) and to implement and evaluate a health education intervention among children at an orphanage in Semarang City, Indonesia. Methods comprised a descriptive cross-sectional survey using a validated 35-item, five-point Likert PHBS questionnaire (item-total r greater than r-table 0.361; pilot Cronbach's alpha = 0.963) administered to 30 children, followed by a participatory health-education intervention titled "Jaga Kebersihan Diri, Sayangi Tubuhmu" ("Keep Yourself Clean, Love Your Body") addressing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease (HFMD), and personal hygiene. The total continuous PHBS score was 136.13 ± 16.13 (range 102-173 of a maximum of 175; 77.8% of the maximum), with the foot-hygiene domain showing the lowest relative attainment (63.1%) compared to the other four domains (75.8-87.3%). Three priority problems were identified: presence of disease vectors (73% of respondents scored low-to-neutral), indoor foot cleanliness (66.7% low-to-neutral), and unrestricted sugar consumption (56.7% low-to-neutral). The intervention was implemented smoothly, with high enthusiasm and active participation, with indications of short-term improvement in qualitative understanding based on process evaluation (reflective oral questions and direct observation); however, the evaluation was limited to process evaluation (not impact evaluation), and the descriptive design without a control group or quantitative pre-post PHBS measurement limits statistical claims of behavioral effectiveness. The program recommends continuous PHBS monitoring and targeted reinforcement of foot-hygiene practices in orphanage communities.
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