Evaluating Indonesia's Renewable Energy Transition Strategy: Policy Implementation Challenges Toward Net-Zero Emission Target 2060

Okta Dwi Andika Kurniawan; Diah Permata Sari; Christine Wulandari; Samsul Bakri; Indra Gumay Febriyano

doi:10.30598/publicusvol3iss2p117-126

Okta Dwi Andika Kurniawan University of Lampung
Diah Permata Sari University of Lampung
Christine Wulandari University of Lampung
Samsul Bakri University of Lampung
Indra Gumay Febriyano University of Lampung

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/publicusvol3iss2p117-126

Keywords: Energy Transition, Policy Implementation, Renewable Energy, Net-Zero Emission, Sustainable Development

Abstract

Indonesia, as the world's largest archipelagic nation, faces complex challenges in achieving its net-zero emission target by 2060. This research analyzes the implementation of Indonesia's new and renewable energy (NRE) policies through a comprehensive literature study approach. Despite having strong legal foundations through Law No. 30/2007 and Government Regulation No. 79/2014, along with ambitious targets of 23% renewable energy by 2025, implementation realization still encounters significant obstacles. National Energy Council data shows that renewable energy share has only reached 15%, far from the established targets. Analysis of three projection scenarios from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources - Business as Usual (BaU), Sustainable Development (SD), and Low Carbon (LC) - indicates that the SD scenario can achieve the 23% target by 2025 and even exceed the 31% target by 2050. Research findings demonstrate that although Indonesia possesses abundant renewable energy resource potential and clear political commitment, strengthening law enforcement, infrastructure investment, and inter-stakeholder coordination are required to realize sustainable energy transition toward net-zero emission.

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