Intensitas Kerusakan Tanaman Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Akibat Serangan Hama dan Penyakit di Negeri Hitu Lama, Kecamatan Leihitu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Damage Intensity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Due to Pests And Diseases In Hitu Lama Village, Lehitu District, Central Maluku Regency
Abstract
This study aims to determine the main pests and diseases of tuni and forest clove and to get data of the damage intensity caused by them in clove plantation (“dusung”) in Hitu Lama village, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. The method used is a survey method in four dusung of each tuni clove and forest clove. The observation of plant damage was done on 10% of plants in each dusung. The results showed that the main pest on tuni clove is stem borer (Nothopeus sp.) while on forest clove is a leaf eater. The main diseases found on both cloves plants is leaf spot disease (Cylindrocladium quinguseptatum and Pestalotia palmarum). The damage intensity of stem borer on tuni clove was 31.76% (moderate category) and leaf eaters on forest clove was 12.11% (mild category). The intensity of damage due to leaf spot disease on tuni and forest cloves was 23.39% and 20.76% respectively, both are mild category.
Downloads
References
Alfian, A., Mahulette, A. S., Zainal, M, Hardin, & Bahrun, A. H. (2019). Morphological character of raja clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr and Perry.) native from Ambon Island. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 343, 012150. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/343/1/012150.
Astuti, Y. & Maryani, Y. (2016). Hama dan Penyakit Utama pada Tanaman Cengkeh. Direktorat Perlindungan Tanaman Perkebunan, Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, Kementrian Perkebunan. Jakarta.
Barnett, H. L., & Hunter, B. B. (1987). Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. Fourth Ed. American Phytopathological Society Publisher.
Dhingra, D. O., and Sinclair, B. J. (1986). Basic Plant Pathology Methods. CRC Press. Inc. Boca Raton, Florida.
Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Buleleng. (2019). Pengendalian Hama Dan Penyakit Tanaman Cengkeh.
Ditjenbun (Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan). (2022). Statistik Perkebunan Unggulan Indonesia 2020-2022 Ditjenbun. Kementrian Pertanian. Jakarta.
Hadipoentyanti, E. (1997). Tipe dan karakteristik cengkih. In: Kemala, S., Hasanah, M., Djisbar, A., Asman, A., & Nurjaannah, N. (Eds.). Monograf Tanaman Cengkih No. 2. Bogor: Balittro. pp. 17-24.
Hutuelly, L., Alfons, J. B., Susanto, A. N., Sirappa, M. P., Rieupassa, A. J., Hidayah, I., Waas, E.D. & Malawat, S. (2007). Peta Jalan (Road Map) Pengembangan Komoditas Cengkeh di Seram Bagian Barat dan Maluku Tenggah. Laporan Akhir. Ambon (ID): Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Maluku.
Isnaningsih, N, R. (2008). Siput telanjang (Slug) sebagai hama tanaman budidaya. Jurnal Fauna Indonesia 2(8), 21-24.
Kalshoven, L.G.E. (1981). The Pests of Crops in Indonesia. Revised and translated by van der Laan PA & Rothschild GHL. P.T. Ichtiar BaroeVan Hoeve. Jakarta
Mahulette, A. S, Hariyadi, Yahya, S., Wachjar, A., & Alfian, A. (2019a). Morphological traits of Maluku native forest clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr & Perry.). J. Trop. Crop Sci. 6, 105–111.
Mahulette, A. S., Hariyadi, Yahya, S., Wachjar, A., & Marzuki, I. (2019b). Morpho-agronomical diversity of forest clove in Moluccas, Indonesia. Hayati J. Biosci. 26, 156–162.
Mahulette, A.S., Hariyadi, Yahya, S., & Wachjar, A. (2019c). The physicochemical components and characteristic from essential oils of forest cloves Syzygium aromaticum (Myrtaceae) in Maluku Province, Indonesia. Plant Arch., 19(2), 466–472.
Natawigena, H. (1989). Pestisida dan Kegunaannya. Cetakan IV. CV Armigon, Bandung.
Pool, P.A., Eden-Green, S. J., & Muhammad, M.T. (1986). Variation in clove (Syzygium aromaticum) germplasm in the Muluccan Islands. Euphytica, 35, 149–159.
Ratmawati, I. (2021). Penggerek Batang Nothopeus sp pada Tanaman Cengkeh dan Teknik Pengendalian di Kabupaten Probolinggo. DKPP Probolinggo. https://dkpp.probolinggokab.go.id. Diakses 23 Februari 2023.
Rojak, A. & Maftuh, A. (2008). Teknik pengendalian hama penggerek batang Nothopeus hemipterus pada tanaman cengkih. Buletin Teknik Pertanian, 13(1). http://pustaka.litbang.deptan.go.id/publikasi/bt131087.pdf. Diakses 27 Febrauri 24 Februari 2023
Sastrapradja, S., & Adisoemarto, S. (1979). Binatang Hama. Lembaga Biologi Nasional LIPI. Bogor.
Semangun, H. (2008). Penyakit-penyakit Tanaman Perkebunan di Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Streets, R. B. (1972). The Diagnosis of Plant Diseases: A Field and Laboratory Manual. Tucson, USA: University of Arizona Press.
Tresniawati, C. & Randriani, E. (2011). Uji kekerabatan aksesi cengkeh di kebun percobaan Sukapura. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 17, 40-45.
Triplehorn, C. A., & Jhonson, N. (2005). Borror and Delong’s Introduction to The Study of Insect 7th Edition. Thompson Brooks. California.
Wahyuno, D., & Martini, E. (2015). Pedoman Budidaya Cengkeh di Kebun Campur. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balitro, Badan Litbang Pertanian bekerjsama dengan AGFOR Sulawesi.
Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
.png)
