Analisis Deformasi Tangki Anti Rolling Akibat Perubahan Ketebalan Dinding Tangki Fiber Menggunakan Simulasi
Abstract
Penambahan tangki anti rolling pada kapal kayu tradisional menjadi penting ketika banyak kecelakaan jenis kapal ini diakibatkan stabilitas kapal yang menjadi buruk karena penempatan muatan di atas geladak kapal. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan membuat tangki anti rolling yang diletakkan pada bagian tengah kapal ini. Tangki anti rolling yang digunakan harus kuat dalam menerima beban kerja akibat gaya tekan hidrostatis air yang ada di dalamnya. Kemampuan tangki dalam menerima beban kerja bergantung pada kondisi tangki. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis deformasi yang terjadi akibat perubahan ketebalan tangki bermaterial Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) yang digunakan sebagai tangki anti Rolling. Deformasi mengindikasikan kondisi kemampuan konstruksi tangki dalam menerima beban yang bekerja. Ketebalan tangki Perhitungan dilakukan menggunakan metode Finite Element Analysis (FEA) dengan bantuan software. Ketebalan tangki FRP yang digunakan adalah 5 mm – 12 mm. Berdasarkan variasi ketebalan dinding FRP tangki anti rolling maka nilai deformasi yang diperoleh berturut-turut adalah sebagai berikut, 5 mm deformasi yang terjadi sebesar 0,613 mm, 7,5 mm deformasi yang terjadi sebesar 0,166 mm, 10 mm deformasi yang terjadi sebesar 0,060 mm, 12 mm deformasi yang terjadi sebesar 0,042 mm. Sehingga ketebalan yang terbaik ada di 12 mm dengan deformasi terkecil. Secara teknis hal ini adalah hasil yang terbaik, tetapi secara ekonomis penambahan ketebalan berdampak pada faktor ekonomis dimana semakin tebal material tangki akan menambah volume LWT yang artinya mengurangi daya muat kapal. Harus dipikirkan solusi lain agar penambahan volume material dinding dapat ditekan dengan menggunakan penguat struktur lainnya yang lebih ringan.
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