EFISIENSI PERIKANAN TUNA HAND LINE DI DUSUN PARIGI WAHAI MALUKU TENGAH
Abstract
Tuna is one of the leading commodities in the fisheries sector in Maluku Province. The contribution of tuna production is mostly sourced from small-scale hand line tuna fishers scattered in several regions in Maluku including Parigi hamlet, Wahai Village, North Seram District, Central Maluku Regency. One of the problems faced by small-scale tuna fishers is the inefficient use of input variables such as investment, total costs (fixed costs and variable costs) and working hours to get outputs, namely production and income that can improve the welfare of fishermen. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of efficiency of the hand line tuna management business in Parigi Hamlet, Wahai Village. The research was conducted in June-August 2023. The data collection method used purposive sampling through observation and interviews (survey) with a total of 50 respondents of hand line tuna fishermen. Data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively by calculating efficiency using the DEA method. The results of the analysis as many as 34 DMUs have an efficiency value of more than 90%. Based on output oriented analysis for 16 DMUs with inefficient categories, it is necessary to increase profits and production to meet DMU improvement targets. While the results of input-oriented analysis, it is necessary to reduce investment, total costs and working hours. The results of DEA analysis show that 68% of fishing businesses are efficient and 32% are quite efficient.
ABSTRAK
Tuna merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan sektor perikanan di Provinsi Maluku. Kontribusi produksi tuna sebagian besar bersumber dari nelayan tuna hand line skala kecil yang tersebar pada beberapa wilayah di Maluku termasuk dusun Parigi Desa Wahai Kecamatan Seram Utara Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi nelayan tuna skala kecil yakni penggunaan variabel input yang belum efisien seperti investasi, biaya total (biaya tetap dan biaya variabel) serta jam kerja untuk mendapatkan output yaitu produksi maupun pendapatan yang dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan nelayan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi usaha pengelolaan tuna hand line di Dusun Parigi Desa Wahai. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2023. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan purposive samplingmelalui observasi dan wawancara (survei) dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 50 nelayan tuna hand line. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menghitung efisiensi menggunakan metode DEA. Hasil analisis sebanyak 34 DMU memiliki nilai efisiensi lebih dari 90%. Berdasarkan analisis output oriented untuk 16 DMU dengan kategori kurang efisien perlu dilakukan penambahan keuntungan dan produksi untuk memenuhi target perbaikan DMU. Sedangkan hasil analisis input oriented, perlu dilakukan pengurangan investasi, biaya total dan jam kerja. Hasil analisis DEA menunjukan usaha nelayan yang efisien sebanyak 68% dan cukup efisien sebanyak 32%.
Kata Kunci: DEA, efisiensi, hand line, nelayan tuna, Parigi Wahai Maluku Tengah
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