DISTRIBUSI SPESIES TERIPANG BERDASARKAN TIPE SUBSTRAT PADA EKOSISTEM PADANG LAMUN DI PERAIRAN NEGERI SULI
Abstract
This study aims to determine the distribution of sea cucumber based on the characteristics of the substrate in the intertidal waters of Suli. This research was conducted in the waters of Suli in November 2017. Substrate data were analyzed and classified based on Shepards Scale, while the data of sea cucumber were obtained from previous study where samples were analyzed in the laboratory to identify the species based on the shapes of holothurians spicules, microscopically. The data were combined to plot the distribution of sea cucumber based on existing substrate characters. Data were analyzed descriptively. Approximately 14 species identified were scattered on various types of substrate. The substrate were dominated by sandy substrate, varied from medium sand, very coarse sand (dominant), coarse sand, gravel mixed with fine sand, and coral fragments. The result showed that a number of sea cucumbers species were spoted on certain substrates, however, lots of species habitually distributed on each type of substrate. Spesies of Holothuria scabra, H. atra, and Opheodosoma grisea were distributed at majority substrates types.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyebaran teripang berdasarkan karakteristik substrat yang ada di perairan intertidal Suli. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan Suli pada bulan November 2017. Data substrat yang diperoleh dianalisa dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan Skala Shepards. Sedangkan data teripang diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya, dimana sampel teripang yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa pada laboratorium untuk mengidentifikasi spesies yang ditemukan, berdasarkan analisa bentuk spikula secara mikroskopis. Data dipadukan untuk digunakan dalam membuat peta distribusi teripang berdasarkan karakter substrat yang ada. Data dianalisa secara deskriptif. Teridentifikasi 14 spesies teripang pada ekosistem padang lamun perairan Suli yang tersebar pada berbagai jenis substrat. Tipe substrat pada lokasi penelitian didominasi oleh susbtrat berpasir, dengan variasi substrat antara lain: pasir bercampur pasir sedang, pasir bercampur pasir kasar, pasir kasar bercampur pasir, kerikil bercampur pasir halus, dan karang/patahan karang. Dari beberapa variasi ini, tipe substrat yang paling mendominasi adalah pasir kasar bercampur pasir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada penyebaran beberapa jenis teripang pada substrat tertentu, namun sebagian besar jenis teripang terdistribusi secara merata pada setiap jenis substrat. Jenis teripang Holothuria scabra, H. atra, dan Opheodosoma grisea ditemukan pada hampir semua tipe substrat.
Kata Kunci: teripang, substrat, distribusi, ekosistem lamun, Suli
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