PUBLICATION ETHICS

The Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that is available online and published twice a year. This statement clarifies the ethical behavior of all parties involved in the act of publishing an article in this journal, including the author, the chief editor, the Editorial Board, the peer-reviewer­ and the publisher (English Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Educational Sciences, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia). This statement is based on COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

PUBLICATION ETHICS

  1. All submitted papers are subject to a strict peer-review process by at least two reviewers who are experts in the area of the particular paper.
  2. The review process is an anonymous peer review.
  3. Relevance, soundness, significance, originality, readability, and language are the factors considered in the review.
  4. The possible decisions include acceptance, acceptance with revisions, or rejection.
  5. If authors are encouraged to revise and resubmit a submission, the revised submission is not guaranteed to be accepted.
  6. Rejected articles will not be re-reviewed.
  7. The paper acceptance is constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.
  8. No research can be included in more than one publication. 

A statement of professional ethical codes is a statement of the ethical codes of all parties involved in the publication process of this scientific journal (Editors, Peer-reviewers, and Authors). In general, the publication ethics of the Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Culture refers to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) about Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editor and Peraturan Kepala LIPI Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 about the Ethical Codes of Scientific Publication. Essentially, the code of ethics itself upholds three values of ethics in publications, namely:

  1. Neutrality (free from conflicts of interest in public management),
  2. Justice (giving the right of authorship to the beneficiary as the author) and
  3. Honesty (free from duplication, fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism (DF2P) in the publication.

  

DUTIES OF EDITORS

Publication Decisions

The editor is responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal should be published. The editor may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism. The editor may confer with other editors or reviewers to make this decision.

Complaints and Appeals

Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture will have a straightforward procedure for handling complaints against the journal, Editorial Staff, Editorial Board, or Publisher. The complaints will be clarified to a respected person concerning the case of complaint. The scope of complaints includes anything related to the journal business process, i.e., editorial process, citation manipulation, unfair editor/reviewer, peer-review manipulation, etc. The complaint cases will be processed according to the COPE guidelines.

Fair Play

An editor shall evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content at any time without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.

Confidentiality

The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's research without the author's express written consent.

 

DUTIES OF REVIEWERS

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions, and through editorial communications with the author, the peer reviewer may also assist the author in improving the paper.

Promptness

Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.

Confidentiality

Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They may not be shown to or discussed with others except as the editor has authorized.

Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is considered inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgment of Sources
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that the authors have not cited. The appropriate citation should accompany any statement of observation, derivation, or argument previously reported. A reviewer should also be aware of any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper they have personal but relevant knowledge.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts with conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.

 

DUTIES OF AUTHORS

Reporting Standards

The author's reports of original research should present an accurate account of the work performed and an objective discussion of its significance. Underlying data should be represented accurately in the manuscript. A paper should contain sufficient detail and references to permit others to replicate the work. Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements constitute unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Originality and Plagiarism

The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if they have used the work and/or words of others, this has been appropriately cited or quoted.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

Authors should not, in general, publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Acknowledgment of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite publications that have influenced the nature of the reported work.

Authorship of the Paper
Authorship should be limited to those who have contributed significantly to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Where others have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged or listed as contributors.

The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included in the manuscript and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works

When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, the author must promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Ethical Oversight

If the research involves chemicals, humans, animals, procedures, or equipment that have unusual hazards inherent in their use, the author must clearly identify these in the manuscript to obey the ethical conduct of research using animals and human subjects. Authors must provide legal and ethical clearance from the association or legal organization if required.

If the research involves confidential data and business/marketing practices, authors should justify this matter whether the data or information will be hidden securely or not.

 

ALLEGATIONS OF RESEARCH MISCONDUCT

Research misconduct means fabrication, falsification, citation manipulation, or plagiarism in producing, performing, or reviewing research, writing the article by authors, or reporting research results. When authors are found to have been involved in research misconduct or other serious irregularities involving articles published in scientific journals, editors are responsible for ensuring the scientific record's accuracy and integrity.

Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture carries a Comments and Criticism section, which provides a forum for expressing different viewpoints, comments, clarification, correction of misunderstanding, and reporting research misconduct regarding topics in published papers. Journal readers are earnestly invited to contribute their ideas to this forum.

In cases of suspected misconduct, the Editors and Editorial Board will use the best practices of COPE to assist them in resolving the complaint and addressing the misconduct fairly. This will include an investigation of the allegation by the Editors. A submitted manuscript that is found to contain such misconduct will be rejected. In cases where a published paper is found to contain such misconduct, a retraction can be published and linked to the original article.

 

WITHDRAWAL OF MANUSCRIPTS

General Policy of Article Withdrawal

It is a general principle of scholarly communication that the journal editor is solely and independently responsible for deciding which articles submitted to the journal shall be published. In making this decision, the editor is guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements in force regarding libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.  An outcome of this principle is the importance of the scholarly archive as a permanent, historical record of the transactions of scholarship. Articles that have been published shall remain extant, exact, and unaltered as far as is possible. However, occasionally, circumstances may arise where an article is published that must later be retracted or removed. Such actions must not be undertaken lightly and can only occur under exceptional circumstances. In addition, the Author(s) (and/or their institution) will be punished for any article withdrawal in the form of an article submission ban (temporary up to permanent ban)

This policy has been designed to address these concerns and consider current best practices in the scholarly and library communities.  As standards evolve and change, we will revisit this issue and welcome the input of academic and library communities. We believe these issues require international standards. All of the Article Withdrawal Policies in Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Culture (including Withdrawal of Manuscripts, Article in Press, Article Retraction, Article Removal, and Article Replacement Policies) are adopted from Elsevier's Article Withdrawal Policy.

Article Withdrawal by Author(s)
Author(s) are not allowed to withdraw an article sent to Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture because the withdrawal of the article wastes the resources, time, and effort that the Editor and peer reviewers do in processing the article. Suppose the author is still requesting the withdrawal of the article. In that case, the author will be punished by a ban on submitting a manuscript for (maximum) 8 numbers (4 volumes or 4 years) for manuscript withdrawal in the review process. However, withdrawing a manuscript from a journal is highly unethical because another journal has accepted it.

The withdrawal of the article after the manuscript has been accepted for publication is highly unethical. The author will be punished by being banned from submitting a manuscript for (maximum) 20 numbers (10 or 10 years). Withdrawal of the manuscript in this policy includes submitting the article revisions that exceed the time limit specified by the Editor and does not immediately notify the Editor and/or revise the manuscript. If the author does not modify the manuscript by the deadline without any confirmation, the Author could be banned for (maximum) 12 numbers (6 volumes or 6 years).

Authors who make more than one manuscript withdrawal can be banned permanently. This banning may also be applied to the author's institution. The Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture Editorial Board can publicly announce through the Journal page and/or provide information to other journal editors or publishers when the editorial board performs the banning processes in these cases.

 

ARTICLE RETRACTION

Infringements of professional ethical codes (such as multiple submissions, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data, or the like) are forbidden in the Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture. Occasionally, a retraction will be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The retraction of an article by its authors or the editor under the advice of members of the scholarly community has long been an occasional feature of the learned world. Several libraries and academic bodies have developed standards for dealing with retractions, and this best practice is adopted for article retraction by the Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture.

The editor will investigate the infringements of professional ethical codes in depth. The Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture Editorial Board will notify the author(s) about the alleged violation along with its proof and offer the options that can be executed by the Author(s). If the editor cannot contact the author within the prescribed period, the editor will discuss this problem with other editors and the editorial advisory board.

The standard of article retraction in Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature and Culture are:

  1. A statement (letter) of article retraction, entitled Retracted: (article title), will be issued by the editorial member in English.
  2. The retraction letter of this article (along with evidence, comments, criticism, or a request from the member(s) of the scientific community) is placed on the previous page of the article with the same page number as the first page of the article and given the additional code “ed-1” for the first page of the letter and so on (e.g., 56-ed-1, 56-ed-2, etc.).
  3. The original version of the article will be given a Retracted watermark or stamp and placed after the letter. This new PDF file replaces the original PDF file article.
  4. The article's abstract on the website is replaced with a statement about retracting it because it violates the ethical code and/or policy. In contrast, the keyword of the article is deleted.
  5. The article's retraction letter will also be published in the Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture in the edition when the article and the letter are issued as part of the Comments and Criticism section.

 

ARTICLE REMOVAL: LEGAL LIMITATIONS

In a minimal number of cases, removing an article from the online database may be necessary. This will only occur where the article is defamatory or infringes others' legal rights, or where the article is, or the Editor has good reason to expect it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk. In these circumstances, while the metadata (Title and Authors) will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating the article has been removed for legal reasons.

 

ARTICLE REPLACEMENT

In cases where the article, if acted upon, might pose a serious health risk, the original article's authors may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. In these circumstances, the procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the database retraction notice will publish a link to the corrected re-published article and a history of the document.

 

PLAGIARISM POLICY

Huele: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Literature, and Culture of English Education Study Program, Pattimura University Ambon recognizes that plagiarism is not acceptable for all authors and, therefore, establishes the following policy stating specific actions (penalties) when editors identify plagiarism (we are using Turnitin software) in an article that is submitted for publication.

"Plagiarism is copying another person's text or ideas and passing the copied material as your work. You must both delineate (i.e., separate and identify) the copied text from your text and give credit to (i.e., cite the source) the source of the copied text to avoid accusations of plagiarism.  Plagiarism is considered fraud and has potentially harsh consequences including loss of a job, loss of reputation, and the assignation of reduced or failing grade in a course."

This definition of plagiarism applies to copied text and ideas:

  1. Regardless of the source of the copied text or idea.
  2. Regardless of whether the author(s) of the text or idea you have copied copied that text or idea from another source.
  3. Regardless of whether or not the authorship of the text or idea that you copy is known
  4. Regardless of the nature of your text (journal paper/article, web page, book chapter, paper submitted for a college course, etc) into which you copy the text or idea
  5. Regardless of whether or not the author of the source of the copied material permits for the material to be copied and
  6. Regardless of whether you are or are not the author of the source of the copied text or idea (self-plagiarism).

When the Plagiarism Checker software identifies plagiarism,  the Editorial Board is responsible for the review of this paper and will agree on measures according to the extent of plagiarism detected in the article in agreement with the following guidelines:

Minor Plagiarism

A small sentence or short paragraph of another manuscript is plagiarized without any significant data or idea from the other papers or publications.

Punishment: The authors are given a warning and requested to change the manuscript and properly cite the original sources.

Intermediate Plagiarism

A significant data, paragraph, or sentence of an article is plagiarized without proper citation to the source.

Punishment: The submitted article is automatically rejected.

Severe Plagiarism

A large portion of an article is plagiarized and involves many aspects such as reproducing original results (data, formulation, equation, law, statement, etc.), ideas, and methods presented in other publications.

Punishment: The paper will be automatically rejected, and the authors will be forbidden from submitting further articles to the journal.

We accept all terms and conditions of COPE about plagiarism. If any attempt at plagiarism is brought to our attention accompanied by convincing evidence, we act based on flowcharts and workflows determined in COPE. All submissions will be checked with TURNITIN: new submission and after acceptance from the editorial boards.