Vol 20 No 1 (2026): BAREKENG: Journal of Mathematics and Its Application
Articles

ANALYSIS OF SMOKING AND COVID-19 MATHEMATICAL MODEL

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  • Temidayo Joseph Oluwafemi,
  • Miswanto Miswanto
Temidayo Joseph Oluwafemi
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
Miswanto Miswanto
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30598/barekengvol20iss1pp0299-0312
Published November 24, 2025
Keywords
  • COVID-19,
  • Mathematical model,
  • Reproduction number,
  • Sensitivity analysis,
  • Smoking
How to Cite
[1]
T. J. Oluwafemi and M. Miswanto, “ANALYSIS OF SMOKING AND COVID-19 MATHEMATICAL MODEL”, BAREKENG: J. Math. & App., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 0299-0312, Nov. 2025.

Copyright (c) 2025 Temidayo Joseph Oluwafemi, Miswanto Miswanto

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Smoking and COVID-19 have similar effects in the body system, i.e. damaging the airways and lung function. In this work, a mathematical model to study smoking and COVID-19 transmission was studied. The model was proven to have feasible region and it is well-posed mathematically and epidemiologically, the model was further proven to have positive solutions. The basic reproduction number was computed using the next generation method and sensitivity analysis was carried out. The results show that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally stable, the most sensitive parameter is the contact rate. The simulation shows that, curtailing rate of contact between exposed, infected individuals and susceptible human population will reduce the spread of the diseases, also giving attention to recovery strategies and controls will reduce to minimum the disease transmission. Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders should give attention in controlling smoking habits, and prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infected individuals.

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