WIND ENERGY GENERATION POTENTIAL FOR SELECTED AFRICAN STATIONS BASED ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FIVE WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS
Abstract
The assessment of wind energy potential is essential for sustainable energy planning, particularly in Africa, where renewable energy sources are increasingly considered for power generation. This study evaluates the wind energy potential of eight selected African stations Nairobi (Kenya), Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), Cairo (Egypt), Tunis (Tunisia), Abuja (Nigeria), Accra (Ghana), Pretoria (South Africa), and Luanda (Angola) using wind speed data from 2000 to 2023 obtained from NASA’s power data access viewer. The Weibull probability distribution function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) were applied to characterize wind speed variations, employing five different parameter estimation methods. The results indicate significant spatial variability in wind characteristics across the stations. The mean wind speed ranged from 2.31 m/s in Accra, Ghana, to 6.82 m/s in Nairobi, Kenya, highlighting substantial differences in wind energy potential. The shape parameter (k) varied between 1.79 in Luanda and 2.31 in Addis Ababa, while the scale parameter (c) ranged from 2.91 m/s in Accra to 7.48 m/s in Nairobi. Wind power density estimates revealed that Nairobi exhibited the highest power density of 248.7 W/m², followed by Addis Ababa (198.3 W/m²), indicating strong wind energy potential. In contrast, Accra had the lowest power density (34.6 W/m²), suggesting limited viability for wind power generation. Seasonal variations showed that wind speeds peaked in the dry season and declined during wet periods across most locations. These findings provide valuable insights into wind energy feasibility in Africa, aiding policy makers in site selection for wind power development and contributing to the continent’s transition toward renewable energy sources.
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References
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